Material pneumatic conveying system

Material pneumatic conveying system


Automated equipment that uses compressed air or gas as power to transport powdered and granular materials in closed pipelines. It is mainly divided into two categories based on working pressure: positive pressure pneumatic conveying systems and negative pressure pneumatic conveying systems. Widely used in industries such as chemical, food, pharmaceutical, building materials, grain, and new energy.

Product Description

Introduction to Pneumatic Material Conveying System

Pneumatic conveying systems, also known as airflow conveying or pneumatic conveying systems, are automated conveying methods that utilize airflow energy to transport powdery or granular materials within closed pipelines. They are widely used in industries such as chemical, food, pharmaceutical, building materials, grain, and new energy.

I. Basic Principles

Using air (or an inert gas such as nitrogen) as a carrier, the material is transported from one workstation to another through a two-phase flow of gas and gas generated by a fan using negative pressure (suction) or positive pressure (pressure).

Features: Fully enclosed, leak-free, dust-free, and pollution-free.

II. Main Classifications (by Pressure)

1. Negative pressure pneumatic conveying system

  • The fan draws air from the end, creating negative pressure within the duct.
  • Material is drawn in through the suction nozzle, passes through a separator and dust collector, and then discharged.
  • Advantages: Multi-point suction capability, low dust generation, safe operation.
  • Applications: Grain and powder feeding, dust-collecting conveying in workshops, small-scale production.

2. Positive pressure pneumatic conveying system

  • The blower delivers air at the front end, and the pressure inside the pipeline is higher than atmospheric pressure.
  • Advantages: Long conveying distance, high output, and multi-point unloading over long distances.
  • Applications: Large-scale continuous conveying, such as cement, fly ash, and chemical raw materials.

3. Dense phase/dilute phase transport (by concentration)

  • Dilute phase conveying: Low material concentration, high flow rate, suitable for light and fine powders.

    Dense phase conveying: High material concentration, low flow rate, less abrasion, materials are less prone to breakage, suitable for granular and fragile materials.

III. Main Components of the System

 

  1. Air Source Equipment: Roots blower, air compressor, vacuum pump
  2. Feeding Devices: Rotary feeder, silo pump, screw feeder, suction nozzle
  3. Conveying Pipelines: Seamless steel pipe, stainless steel pipe, wear-resistant elbows
  4. Separation and Discharge: Cyclone separator, silo, discharge valve
  5. Dust Removal and Filtration: Bag filter, cartridge filter, ensuring exhaust gas meets standards
  6. Control System: PLC automatic control, capable of linking production line, metering, and start/stop interlocking

 

IV. Core Advantages

 

  • Fully enclosed conveyor: No dust emissions, environmentally friendly and safe, meets GMP/explosion-proof requirements
  • Flexible conveying route: Can turn, climb slopes, and pass through floors, without occupying ground passageways
  • High degree of automation: Can be remotely controlled, continuously conveyed, and unattended
  • Prevents contamination and mixing: Suitable for clean materials such as food, pharmaceuticals, and lithium battery materials
  • Multi-point feeding and discharging capability, highly flexible layout

 

V. Applicable Materials

  • Powders: Flour, starch, milk powder, cement, lime, titanium dioxide, carbon black
  • Granules: Plastic particles, grains, feed, sugar, salt
  • New Energy: Positive and negative electrode materials, graphite, silicon powder, lithium iron phosphate
  • Chemicals: Pigments, dyes, additives, chemical powders

VI. Comparison with the IBC Transit System (Briefly)

 

  • Pneumatic conveying: Suitable for long-distance, continuous, high-volume, fixed-route conveying.
  • IBC mobile silo system: Suitable for short-distance, multi-station, flexible changeover, and low-residue transfer.

 

Many factories combine the two: pneumatic conveying and IBC (Integrated Circuit Baffle) buffer.

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